Your note amount was $16,613.29 your principle balance is $12,657.83.....Do I currently owe 16 thou or the 12?

Common Sense is correct - if you say I want to payoff my loan today and be rid of you ante up $12,657.83

If you like paying interest or can't afford to pay Ebeneezer then
you owe $16,613.29 until your next payment is due with interest

The previous answer is incorrect. You owe as of today the 12,657. If you make all the payments you will pay 16,613.